Case summaries
CJEU - C-199/12, C-200/12 and C-201/12, Minister voor Immigratie en Asiel v X, Y and Z
Keywords:
Persecution (acts of), Persecution Grounds/Reasons, Well-founded fear, Membership of a particular social group, Discrimination, Sexual orientation
LGBTI asylum seekers (1) may be members of particular social group, (2) cannot be expected to conceal or restrain their expression of sexual orientation to reduce risk of persecution. (3) All criminalisation does not per se amount to persecution, but imprisonment actually applied does.
Date of decision:
07-11-2013
Relevant International and European Legislation:
Art 1A (2),Art 1,Art 4.3,Art 9.2,Art 10.1 (d),Art 2 (k),Art 9.3,Art 4.4,Recital 3,Recital 10,Recital 17,Art 13,Art 9.1,Recital 16,Art 2 (c),Article 1,Article 2,Article 4,Article 7,Article 18,Art 5.1,Art 49.1,Art 49.2,Article 8,Article 14,Article 15
CJEU - C-71/11 and C-99/11 Germany v Y and Z
Country of applicant:
Pakistan
Keywords:
Assessment of facts and circumstances, Persecution Grounds/Reasons, Serious harm, Standard of proof, Religion
This cases concerns the interpretation of Article 2(c) and Article 9(1)(a) of the Qualification Directive in a case where the two Applicants are Pakistani nationals who are members of the Ahmadi religious community and fear persecution there on the basis of religion.
Date of decision:
05-09-2012
Relevant International and European Legislation:
Art 1A (2),Art 1,Art 2,Art 9,Art 10,Art 4,Art 6,Art 3,Recital 3,Recital 10,Recital 17,Art 13,Recital 16,Article 2,Article 4,Article 10,Article 49,Art 5.1,Article 9,Article 15