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Sweden - Migration Court of Appeal, 25 October 2012, UM287-10, MIG 2012:14
Country of applicant: Iraq
Keywords: Crime against humanity, Exclusion from protection, Standard of proof, Family member

An Iraqi man, previously a member of the Ba'ath Party, was granted refugee status. There were not found to be any grounds for exclusion. The man's son was also granted refugee status, with reference to the principle of family unity.

Date of decision: 25-10-2012
Relevant International and European Legislation: Art 12.2,Art 12.3,Art 1F,Para 184,Para 185,Para 155,Para 152,Para 203,Para 204,Para 147,Para 149,Para 162,Para 163,Para 156,Para 157,Para 150,Para 151,Para 153,Para 154,Para 158,Para 159,Para 160,Para 161,Para 143,Para 186
Sweden - Migration Court of Appeal, 9 September 2011, UM 3891-10
Country of applicant: Iraq
Keywords: Crime against humanity, Exclusion from protection, Non-refoulement

A former officer in Saddam Hussein’s Security Services was excluded from protection due to possible crimes against humanity. He was however granted a temporary residence permit as the decision could not be executed without violating the principle of non-refoulement.

Date of decision: 09-09-2011
Relevant International and European Legislation: EN - Qualification Directive, Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004,1951 Refugee Convention,Art 2,Art 9,Art 12,Art 17,Art 15,Art 3,Art 1F,Art 21,UNHCR Handbook,Para 155,Para 152,Para 147,Para 149,Para 162,Para 163,Para 156,Para 157,Para 148,Para 150,Para 151,Para 153,Para 154,Para 158,Para 159,Para 160,Para 161
Germany - Federal Administrative Court, 7 July 2011, 10 C 26.10
Country of applicant: Turkey
Keywords: Exclusion from protection, Individual assessment, Revocation of protection status, Serious non-political crime, Terrorism, Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the UN

This case concerned the revocation of asylum and refugee status in the case of a former official of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) (following the European Court of Justice case of Federal Republic of Germany v B (C-57/09) and D (C-101/09), 09 November 2010).

Date of decision: 17-07-2011
Relevant International and European Legislation: EN - Qualification Directive, Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004,1951 Refugee Convention,Art 12.2 (c),Art 1F(c),Art 3,Art 4.4,Recital 3,Recital 17,Art 14,Art 1F(b),Art 12.3,Recital 22,Art 12.2 (b),UNHCR Handbook,Para 163,Art 21.2,EN - Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union,Article 3,Article 18,EN - Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms,Article 3
Belgium – Council for Alien Law Litigation, 13 January 2011, Nr. 54.335
Country of applicant: Morocco
Keywords: Exclusion from protection, Terrorism

This Case concluded that membership of a terrorist organisation is not in itself a sufficient ground for exclusion from refugee status. 

Date of decision: 13-01-2011
Relevant International and European Legislation: EN - Qualification Directive, Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004,1951 Refugee Convention,Art 12.2 (c),Art 17,Art 1F(c),Recital 3,Recital 17,Recital 22,UNHCR Handbook,Recital 16,Para 147,Para 149,Para 162,Para 163
Germany - High Administrative Court Nordrhein-Westfalen, 27 March 2007, 8 A 4728/05.A
Country of applicant: Turkey
Keywords: Crime against humanity, Exclusion from protection, Non-refoulement, Serious non-political crime, Standard of proof, Terrorism, War crimes, Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the UN

Exclusion from refugee status on the grounds of serious non-political crimes is only permissible if the applicant still poses a threat. The Court found that an applicant from Turkey, who had been subject to past persecution, was not sufficiently safe from renewed persecution if returned.

Date of decision: 27-03-2007
Relevant International and European Legislation: EN - Qualification Directive, Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004,1951 Refugee Convention,Art 1F(c),Recital 3,Art 12.2,Art 12.3,UNHCR Handbook,Para 152,Para 147,Para 149,Para 163,Para 157,Para 148,Para 151,Art 35,Recital 15,Art 21.1,EN - Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms,Article 3