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Austria - Asylum Court, 24 February 2011, A4 213316-0/2008
Country of applicant: Egypt
Keywords: Actors of protection, Actor of persecution or serious harm, Non-state actors/agents of persecution, Persecution (acts of), Refugee sur place, Refugee Status, Membership of a particular social group, Discrimination, Gender Based Persecution, Sexual orientation

An Egyptian transgender woman, who first underwent gender reassignment surgery and hormone treatment in Austria, was recognised as a refugee as it was accepted that there were problems with the police,  a refusal to issue her a passport using her new personal data and social issues of an intensity relevant to asylum matters.

Date of decision: 24-02-2011
Sweden – Migration Court of Appeal, 18 September 2006, UM 122-06
Country of applicant: Egypt
Keywords: Assessment of facts and circumstances, Benefit of doubt, Burden of proof, Credibility assessment, Persecution Grounds/Reasons, Political Opinion

The UNHCR Handbook is an important source of law concerning the procedure to determine protection needs. The Migration Court is responsible for ensuring that a case is sufficiently investigated by holding an oral hearing or otherwise investigating the ambiguities of the case, when an asylum seeker who has been rejected because of credibility grounds has submitted relevant documents that are deemed to be genuine by a Swedish embassy.

Date of decision: 18-09-2006